Yeah both, when the congested radio traffic is squealing and the controller is reading off N-numbers and the pilots can’t get clear communications. Well, mistakes are made.
A dedicated ATC emergency one tap text on a touchscreen either “Hold Short” or “Go Around”. There maybe other quick commands also that come across both the PFD screen and the pilots Terrain Awareness and Warning System (TAWS).
Over the years they have put flashing lights at runway intersections to prevent incursions. Any and all ideas should be reviewed to make airport dense traffic safer. This latest event was caught on camera so it’s a big deal but many of these close-call events are happening everyday.