When our daughter was learning how to fly our Cub, I insisted on no electronic navigation devices being allowed on her cross-country flights, both dual and solo. She did have the use of an analog whiz-wheel, plotter. sectional charts. and a portable comm radio. Of course, the Department of Defense owns our GPS system. They essentially can scramble the signal or turn the system off whenever they deem it necessary. I"m afraid some pilots forget that fact
After she got her private pilots certificate, she was taught about the use of the ForeFlight app and Stratus device in depth. They are wonderful tools and without a doubt increase safety, but I think students should have a grasp on the fundamentals of navigation before using them.