All U.S. V-22 Osprey Tiltrotors Grounded Again

“For inspiration” should be “in desperation.” They were having trouble with inadequate roll control effectiveness in even mildly turbulent air using weight shifting and were nervous that a competitor would make first flight before they did. Then they happened to notice seagulls flexing their wingtips when landing in wind gusts and grasped at the concept, implementing wing warping on their airplane and making first flight. They patented wing warping and charged exorbitant licensing fees from anyone who used the patent, even though they discovered that the technology was ill-suited due to a paradox: the larger the airplane the greater the lift, the stiffer the wing structure, the more difficult to warp it for roll control. And stiff-arming it cracked the structure, tore the fabric and allowed water ingress. Yet their aggressive lawsuits for patent infringement clogged the courts and stifled aviation in the U.S. for years.

Fortunately someone discovered that Matthew Boulton, a British inventor, had patented the concept of the trailing-edge hinged “rudder” in 1868 for roll control of airplanes. So the aileron as we know it today was invented some 35 years before the Wright’s first flight, by a guy who wasn’t even a pilot or terribly interested in airplanes, but due to a clerical error the U.K. patent office failed to find it when the Wrights filed their patent application.